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Asia has made outstanding strides in poverty reduction thanks
to its high economic growth, but two-thirds of the world's
poor still reside in this region. KOICA increased assistance
in 2009 for LDCs in Association of Southeast Asian Nations
(ASEAN) and Southwest Asia, which have the highest populatioin
line in the world. The focus of assistance was maintained
on Asia in consideration of Korea's close relationship
in all the areas including economy, diplomacy, and culture.
Thirty-three
out of 49 LDCs of the world are located in Africa, and
41.1% of the population in sub-Sagaran Africa live in
absolute poverty, characterized by on more than USD
1 a day. In 2009, KOICA continued to expand assistance
for Africa in the basic spirit of the Initiative for
Africa LDCs like Ethiopia, Tanzania, Senegal, Angola,
and the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the focus
was on health, education, and rural development in consideration
of Africa being the slowest to achieve the MDGs. Assistance
was encouraged through multilateral organizations with
rich experience in the region.
Income levels
in Latin America are generally higher than those of
Africa or Asia, but the level of development and of
progress I achieving the MDGs varies markedly throughout
the region. KOICA's cooperation partner countries in
Latin America are classified as LMICs or better, but
one-fourth of their population is still mired in poverty
living on less than USD 2. The focus of assistance in
2009 was on building capacity while gradually decreasing
assistance for UMICs where the distribution of resources
is relatively smooth within the country.
The
economic and social backgrounds of Middle Eastern countries
are extremely varied, and they are at very different
of development. While the oil-producing countries have
long had advanced infrastructures, LDCs like Yemen saw
no advancement in any MDG area over the last five years.
It has a poverty rate of 35%. The focus of assistance
for these countries was to improve the quality of life
by providing basic education and health services and
to strengthen the governments' capabilities to maintain
order to resolve social unrest and establish development
policies in troubled countries.
In Eastern Europe
and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), Uzbekistan,
Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, etc. have grown rapidly since
2000 as they are rich in natural resources. However,
they are at very different urban and rural areas is
widening. Most of the countries achieved their MDG goals
in terms of universal primary education and gender equality
in education thanks to the overall economic growth,
but further progress is needed with respect to reduction
in maternal and child mortality and sustainability of
the environment.
Projects with multilateral organizations
were for expanding assistance for cross-cutting issues
like food security, climate change, and gender equality;
strengthening KOICA's capacity through cooperation with
advanced donor organizations; and supplementing the
bilateral projects in terms of scope and size. Focus
was on multi-bi projects (bilateral assistance through
international organizations) where direct participation
is possible to further strengthen KOICA's assistance
capabilities.
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KOICA provided USD 111.66 million (KRW 142.2 billion) in assistance,
40% of its total spending, to 28 countries in Asia (21 Asian and
7 Oceanic countries). This represents as 2.2% increase from USD
109.3 million in 2008. The number of recipient countries decreased
from 29 in 2008 but the average amount of aid to each country increased
by 5.8%. By country, Afghanistan received the largest amount (USD
23.88 million) followed by Vietnam, Indonesia, Mongolia, and the
Philippines. The total amount of aid to the top five recipient countries
in Asia accounted for some 26.9%of KOICA's total project spending,
or 67.3% of the total spending for Asia. This was the result of
the heavier application of the selection and focus strategy
compared to the previous year. Assistance was provided for various
areas, including health, education, rural development, and ICT.
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| Top 5 Asian partner countries (USD
in Million)
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| Assistance by Sectoral priority in Asia
(USD in Million)
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