Interview with Eun Mee Kim, Professor Emeritus at the Graduate School of International Studies and Chair of the Board of Trustees, Ewha Womans University
Special Contribution By Kim, Gyung-ah, Manager, Climate and Economic Development Team, KOICA
How did Korea, once the epitome of poverty, leap to become an advanced country? Ahead of Development Cooperation Day on November 25, we interviewed Professor Kim Young-wan of Sogang University s Department of Political Science to examine Korea s history and current status in international development cooperation. Professor Kim emphasized that Korea is a very special country that transitioned from being a recipient country of international aid to a donor country. Q Is the transition from a recipient country to a donor country, as seen in Korea s case, very rare? Korea experienced rapid growth. Although it continued to receive aid until 1999, it joined the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in 1996. On January 1, 2010, Korea became both a member of the OECD s Development Assistance Committee (DAC) and a new donor country, and it is currently classified as a traditional donor country. Q How do you evaluate the scale and nature of Korea s ODA in today s global context? Korea provided USD 3.94 billion in 2024, ranking 13th among the 33 DAC member countries, including the European Union (EU), in terms of total ODA. However, its ODA-to-GNI (Gross National Income) ratio stands at 0.21%, placing it among the bottom seven. The ODA-to-GNI ratio exceeded 0.2% for the first time in 2024. Between 2015 and 2023, it ranged from 0.14% to 0.17%. Considering that the international community s target for the ODA-to-GNI ratio is 0.7% and taking Korea s total ODA into account, it is still difficult to say that Korea has firmly established itself as a major donor country. Q What major achievements has Korea made in international development cooperation on the global stage? Korea itself has grown tremendously through ODA. ODA plays a very important role in enhancing a nation s soft power and national interests. When bridges or roads are built through ODA projects, the Korean flag is displayed alongside them, which helps people in those countries recognize, Ah, this was built by Korea. KOICA exerts a positive influence through community-centered development cooperation projects such as ICT centers and schools. A notable example is the Korean Hospital(Hospital Municipal Modelo Corea) in El Alto, Bolivia. The hospital was established in 1998 in an area with limited basic medical facilities. With secondary support, obstetrics and pediatrics departments were added. As a result, it is now regarded as the best maternity hospital in Bolivia, and the perception among mothers giving birth there that the Korean hospital is the best has spread, improving Korea s image. Such experiences naturally create an atmosphere in which Koreans and Korean companies are warmly welcomed. ▲ Professor Kim Young-wan from the Department of Political Science at Sogang University (second from the left) conducts a field interview for a development cooperation project in Ethiopia. Q ODA has positively improved Korea's standing. Of course. When a positive local atmosphere is established, it becomes easier for companies to operate as well. When discussing public diplomacy achievements, there s a saying that goes, No matter how much budget you spend on public diplomacy, it can t beat BTS. Recently, K-Pop Demon Hunters has been playing that role. A country s image is extremely important, and ODA is playing a major role in positively shaping Korea s image. Moreover, because Korea is a donor country that has never engaged in colonial rule, the significance of Korean ODA is even more distinctive. Korea began providing ODA with sincere intentions, and it has helped improve Korea s image. Q The biggest challenge with Korean-style development cooperation is its limited budget. Could you explain this in more detail? The budget is the biggest challenge. China has abundant financial resources and constructs roads and buildings completely free of charge. In Africa, for example, you can immediately recognize Chinese-built structures because they are so grand and impressive. In this way, China develops the area, and the resulting profits or resources flow back to China. Japan embodies a the spirit of craftsmanship investing large budgets over long periods to steadily and deeply develop specific fields. In comparison, Korea faces limitations in achieving noticeable results quickly with a limited budget. Q On the other hand, what are Korea s unique strengths? The greatest strength is diligence. Koreans and Korean culture embody a commitment to doing one s utmost, treating any task entrusted to them as their own. Moreover, Korea is the only country that has transitioned from a developing recipient to an advanced donor, serving as a role model for other developing nations through its own challenging experiences. Leveraging its own growth experiences while understanding the perspectives of developing countries is a major strength. Another interesting observation I ve made while visiting project sites is that residents of developing countries view Koreans differently than how they see people from other nations. Generally, Koreans are viewed positively for understanding the challenges faced by developing countries and for treating their people warmly and without prejudice. That s why I like to say: Korea is a nation that practices ODA with Jeong*. * A uniquely Korean sentiment, refers to a deep, enduring emotional bond that develops over time through shared experiences, sympathy. Q How can Korea s model be distinguished from those of other donor countries? There is a need to develop integrated development cooperation projects into a Korean-style ODA model. It is also necessary to establish ODA strategies that are uniquely Korean. The Aral Sea GRIP project, carried out in cooperation with the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI), is an innovative initiative that attracted private investment through the issuance of green bonds. Through such new approaches, Korea needs to take a leading role in addressing the climate crisis. Q What does an integrated development cooperation project entail? An integrated development cooperation project refers to implementing development initiatives by organically linking and coordinating projects across multiple sectors, rather than focusing on a single field. This integrated approach is especially effective in community-based development cooperation projects. Community-based development cooperation can achieve high effectiveness even with relatively small budgets, making it well-suited for advancing Korea s model. For example, in village development projects, it promotes the overall growth of the community by implementing projects across multiple sectors such as health, education, income generation, conflict mitigation, and women s rights enhancement either simultaneously or sequentially. The advantage of this approach is that it can improve the efficiency and sustainability of projects through the complementary effects generated between different initiatives. Q How can Korea contribute in situations where new international agendas are emerging? Globally, the refugee issue is a challenge that the international community must address collectively. It is essential to raise awareness about refugees and support their resettlement or voluntary return. When university students are asked, What do you think about refugees? most respond negatively. However, when asked to define what a refugee actually is, most are unable to provide an accurate explanation. A refugee is someone who has been forced to leave their home country due to persecution for political or similar reasons and cannot obtain protection from their own government. In reality, most refugees want to return to their homeland, but they become refugees precisely because they cannot. No one chooses to become a refugee voluntarily. Therefore, refugees must be protected in their current location until political conditions allow them to safely return home. Korea needs to take the lead in developing cooperation projects aimed at addressing the refugee issue. In addition, tackling the climate crisis and promoting eco-friendly policies are urgent tasks that must be addressed. The GGGI, an international organization founded in Korea, can serve as a key platform and tool for Korea to contribute to the international community in the environmental field. Q Why is addressing the climate crisis an important agenda? The climate crisis response agenda is important because the climate crisis is not only an issue for international development cooperation but a shared challenge for all humanity. The entire world is currently threatened by the climate crisis, and even citizens of advanced countries are not immune to its effects. Developing countries, in particular, are highly dependent on agriculture due to their economic structures, making them especially vulnerable to the direct impacts of climate change. The climate crisis is causing increasing cases of income reduction and even loss of livelihoods. This is closely linked to the emergence of the concept of environmental refugees. Therefore, the entire world must collaborate to mitigate the impacts of the climate crisis on developing countries and pursue sustainable response measures. Q Contributing to emerging international agendas will naturally enhance Korea s global standing. Yes, that s correct. ODA should not remain merely a concept of helping out. By improving the lives of residents in developing countries and transforming their societies, Korean companies can also expand, creating a sustainable ODA ecosystem. However, many people still hold negative perceptions, seeing ODA as a waste of tax money. Changing these perceptions is crucial. Q How do you respond to the criticism that ODA is a waste of budget? I believe that ODA is not at fault. The criticism that ODA is a waste of budget mainly arises from two misunderstandings. The first is the perception that ODA is not properly delivered to partner countries. It is true that, in some past cases, ODA was executed without full transparency. This was an issue faced not only by Korea but also by other donor countries. However, such problems are not unique to ODA but are general challenges that can occur in any policy project and must be addressed. Today, the ODA execution structure has become far more transparent, with thorough management and supervision systems in place, steadily enhancing the reliability and effectiveness of projects. The second misunderstanding is the belief that ODA has little relevance to people s own lives. In reality, ODA contributes to global stability, international credibility and the long-term condtions that ultimately affect all of our lives. From this perspective, the claim that ODA is wasteful is, in fact, nothing more than a misunderstanding. ▲ Professor Kim Young-wan with children at Inawa Panaynep Elementary School (ICT education project site) in the Philippines Q What is your perspective on the reduction of ODA budgets in several countries? It is well documented that the United States has historically used ODA as a tool to advance its national interests. Nevertheless, President Donald Trump has argued that U.S. ODA is a waste of budget. His decision to reduce funding for USAID overlooked the agency s contributions to enhancing the U.S. image and building soft power through development cooperation projects around the world. In Korea, many people do not fully recognize how much ODA contributes to improving the national image and enhancing soft power. In fact, ODA has long accounted for less than 1% of the government budget. The situation is similar in the United States. Attempting to cut that budget risks undermining the 70 to 80 years of effort invested so far. There is hope, however, that the U.S. government s approach will change following Trump s administration. Q Despite that, why must ODA continue? The international community has a responsibility to support the growth of developing countries. The first reason is humanitarian. As of 2024, approximately 700 million people worldwide about 8.5% of the global population live in absolute poverty, unable to meet even basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter. Some critics ask, Why provide aid overseas rather than domestically? However, poverty in developing countries exists on a completely different scale compared to Korea, where absolute poverty is almost nonexistent. Unlike Korea, many developing countries lack well-established social security systems for the poor, making support from the international community essential. The second reason is practical: conflicts and poverty in developing countries ultimately impact developed nations as well. Korea is an export-driven country that relies on raw materials and markets in developing countries. Without support for these nations, securing imports of raw materials could become challenging. When Korea invests 10 units through ODA projects, it can often receive at least 10 in return, and sometimes even more. As developing countries stabilize and grow through ODA, Korea also benefits from this growth. The more countries Korea supports, the greater the opportunities to secure markets and resources for itself. Q Some people still question, What benefits does international development cooperation bring to our national interests? Due to Korea s industrial structure, ODA directly translates into national interests. By helping people in developing countries who need assistance, they may one day purchase Korean products, collaborate with Korean companies, or come to Korea to work. The more ODA we provide, the more our national interests grow, and Korea s global standing rises. ▲ On the way to Lagutai School, a site of the Philippines ICT Capacity Building Project Q Could you explain that in more detail? ODA can serve as a catalyst for promoting Korea s national interests. For Korean companies to successfully expand overseas, two key factors are essential: first, cooperation from local governments to support their activities; and second, positive perceptions and support from local communities. Without acceptance at the government or community level, overseas expansion becomes extremely challenging. ODA helps secure these two factors. It not only facilitates Korean companies global entry but also builds trust and goodwill among local populations. Furthermore, when Korean firms establish themselves successfully abroad, this significantly contributes to job creation for domestic youth and overall economic growth. Q What direction do you think Korea s international development cooperation should take in the future? Korea must take a leading role. While China has abundant capital and the United States provides a large scale of ODA, Korea does not. Instead, Korea is well-positioned to propose new international agendas. For example, taking the lead on issues such as responding to the climate crisis would make a significant contribution to the international community. I have personally considered the slogan Zero ODA, meaning using ODA to create a world where ODA is no longer needed. Korea achieved economic growth by receiving ODA and is building a positive image by providing ODA. Although there are still shortcomings, if Korea leverages its unique strengths to pursue special agendas, it can contribute to the international community just as it benefited from aid.
In March, when frogs awaken and bring the welcome news of spring, KOICA also received heartwarming updates from the field. First, in Seoul, the launch of the Civil Society Joint Working Group and an ODA participation strategy briefing session took place, and KOICA s self-produced video content achieved the remarkable feat of winning three awards at the A.N.D. Award, a prestigious domestic digital award ceremony. Far away in Colombia, there are reports that an energy bar made from Sacha Inchi, an alternative to narcotic crops, has been launched. In addition, we also share news of the groundbreaking of the Cambodia Korea Friendship Building and a reference meeting on mine damage management achievements in Peru. 📰 NEWS 1. KOICA Civil Society Joint Working Group Launched ▲ On March 6, participants, including Son Jeong-mi, KOICA s Executive Director of the Global Solidarity and Partnership Office (fifth from the left in the front row), and Cho Dae-sik, Secretary-General of the Korea NGO Council for Overseas Development Cooperation (KCOC) (sixth from the left in the front row), posed for a commemorative photo during the 1st KOICA Civil Society Joint Working Group Launch Ceremony held at the main auditorium of World Vision Korea s headquarters in Yeouido, Seoul. KOICA held the 1st KOICA Civil Society Joint Working Group Launch Ceremony on March 6 at the World Vision head office auditorium in Yeouido, Seoul. The joint working group was established to maximize the outcomes of KOICA s Civil Society Partnership Program, a flagship public private ODA project. The most notable feature is that KOICA and partner organizations jointly lead the process as a One-Team partnership, from topic selection at the planning stage through to the adoption of implementation tasks. The working group is a restructured version of the previous Public-Private Partnership Council, upgraded to play a leading role that goes beyond simple opinion gathering and granting direct authority to select agendas and implementation tasks. The first-term working group includes 12 organizations KOICA, Koworks, Save the Children, and others and 40 staff members, who will operate together until October. 📰 NEWS 2. KOICA Achieves Triple Silver at the 2025 A.N.D. Award ▲ On February 26, staff members and officials from KOICA s Media and Public Relations Department posed for a commemorative photo after receiving the Silver Award at the 2025 A.N.D. Award ceremony held at COEX in Seoul. KOICA received a total of three Silver Awards for its self-produced video content at the 2025 A.N.D. Award ceremony held on February 26 at COEX in Seoul, achieving the status of a triple-crown winner. Now in its 19th year, the A.N.D. Award is an authoritative annual digital awards ceremony in Korea, organized by the Korea Digital Enterprise Association (KDEA) and supported by the Ministry of Science and ICT and other public bodies. KOICA has won the award for the second consecutive year. This year, the web drama Love in Development Season 2 won an award in the Video Content category, while The Wind of KOICA (Central Asia ODA Project Promotion Video) received awards in both the Video Content category and the Public Institution category. 📰 NEWS 3. Hosting the 2026 Development Cooperation Participation Strategy Briefing ▲ At the 2026 Development Cooperation Participation Strategy Briefing, hosted by KOICA at the KBIZ Hall of the Korea Federation of SMEs in Yeouido, Seoul, on March 3, KOICA President CHANG Won-sam delivered the opening remarks. KOICA held the 2026 Development Cooperation Participation Strategy Briefing at the KBIZ Hall of the Korea Federation of SMEs in Yeouido, Seoul, on March 3. This year, under the Fourth Comprehensive Basic Plan for International Development Cooperation, results-based K-ODA has been presented as a core vision, drawing growing interest from Korean companies seeking to enter ODA markets. KOICA introduced step-by-step support, ranging from helping qualified partner companies build localized business models to strengthening their project implementation capabilities. KOICA also conducted sessions on ODA project procurement, corporate partnership programs, EDCF projects, and ways to participate through overseas procuring entities, and shared participation strategies related to the Economic Development Cooperation Fund (EDCF), Multilateral Development Bank (MDB), and international organizations, along with success stories from companies that have already participated in such projects. 📰 NEWS 4. Launch of a high-nutrition energy bar made from an alternative to narcotic crops in Colombia ▲ The Sacha Energy cereal bar launched by KOICA in Colombia through the project Strengthening the agricultural economy of the Department of Putumayo through the Cultivation and Commercialization of Alternative Crop (2020 2025), implemented jointly with the UNODC. KOICA has launched a high-nutrition food product made from an alternative to narcotic crops in Colombia. Since 2020, KOICA has been working with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) to commercialize Sacha Inchi as an alternative crop in Putumayo, a region highly dependent on coca cultivation. As a result, a cereal bar made from Sacha Inchi, Sacha Energy, has been developed and launched, with a product release event held on March 3. This product is the outcome of integrated value chain development linking production, processing, and distribution. KOICA has established cultivation bases for 700 farming households across seven municipalities and has supported the formation of cooperatives. As a result, average monthly household income has risen from about 500,000 Colombian pesos to 1.2 million pesos. The Sacha Energy cereal bar is being placed in major supermarkets across Colombia and is also being promoted for entry into the European market. 📰 NEWS 5. Groundbreaking of the second Cambodia-Korea Friendship Building at the National Pediatric Hospital in Cambodia▲ On March 6, attendees at the groundbreaking ceremony held at the National Pediatric Hospital in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, look at the promotional board for the new ward to be constructed. KOICA held the groundbreaking ceremony for the second ward of the Cambodia Korea Friendship Building at the National Pediatric Hospital in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, on March 6. The new ward will be built with a total floor area of 9,053㎡, spanning five floors above ground and housing 188 beds. It will include specialized treatment spaces in seven major areas, such as pediatric hematology-oncology, neurology, and respiratory medicine, along with endoscopy and other specialized diagnostic facilities. This is expected to significantly strengthen Cambodia s domestic treatment capacity for severely ill pediatric patients. The second ward represents an expansion of cooperation into serious pediatric internal medicine care, building on the achievements of the Project to Improve Child Care Medical Center at National Pediatric Hospital implemented from 2013 to 2018. Construction will take about 27 months, with completion targeted for 2028. 📰 NEWS 6. Sharing the 10-year achievements of mine reclamation ODA in Peru with seven Latin American countries▲ The scene from the 2026 Latin America Mining-Environment International Conference held at the Swiss tel in Lima, Peru, on March 17. KOICA held the 2026 Latin America Mining-Environment International Conference at the Swiss tel in Lima, Peru, on March 17. The event provided a platform to share the outcomes of the mine reclamation ODA cooperation project, which KOICA has been implementing since 2015 in partnership with Peru s Ministry of Energy and Mines (MINEM) and the Korea Mine Rehabilitation and Mineral Resources Corporation (KOMIR), the executing agency from Korea. Peru has long faced water pollution problems arising from about 850 abandoned mines. To address this, KOICA first established an information system that manages the entire process of mine damage reporting, restoration, and supervision, and developed on-site guidelines during the initial phase of the project. In the second phase, the project focused on constructing mine drainage treatment facilities, informatizing environmental restoration planning, and strengthening mine damage management capacity. At this event, participants shared a common recognition of the importance of strengthening mining-environment management capacity and international cooperation for sustainable mining development.
▲ The KOICA-UNFCCC Climate Future Partnership and the international community continue efforts to bridge the AI technology gap between developed and developing countries. Repeated droughts, floods, and sea-level rise are happening in various parts of the world. The impact of the climate crisis is widening further due to gaps in technology and capital. According to a recent UNFCCC technology document, most developed countries are advancing disaster alerts, climate forecasting, and energy efficiency using artificial intelligence (AI), while many developing countries fail to reap technical benefits due to shortages in data, infrastructure, and capacity. It is concerning that AI, while serving as a tool for new opportunities, can exacerbate the climate crisis due to its massive energy consumption, cooling water use, and increased power demand. How can we overcome such inequality?Climate inequality and the technology gap in the AI eraUNFCCC technology documents point out that in order for developing countries to respond to climate change using AI, complex challenges must be addressed, including securing reliable data, strengthening cybersecurity, eliminating gender and regional biases, and improving energy efficiency. However, sensors and satellites for collecting and storing climate-related data, as well as the computing resources needed to analyze them, are mostly concentrated in developed countries. Training and inference of AI models indeed require enormous amounts of electricity and cooling water, leading to increased carbon emissions from data centers. Amid growing debates over whether AI will mitigate or worsen the climate crisis, developing energy-efficient algorithms and building green data centers have emerged as key tasks.Technology gaps also occur at the AI application stage. Developed countries are building models that predict floods, droughts, and wildfires, and optimize food production using satellite and IoT data. For example, AI-based early flood warning systems predict damage based on data collected from rainfall and water-level sensors, helping residents evacuate. The United States and the European Union analyze weather and ocean data to accurately predict hurricane paths. Japan uses AI to propose optimal cultivation timing and water resource management in agriculture. Canada develops wildfire prediction models to reduce damage.According to the UNFCCC s Technology Needs Assessment (TNA), many developing countries face surging demand for AI-related technologies such as climate data platforms, digital MRV (Measurement, Reporting, and Verification) systems, and disaster risk analysis, yet adoption lags due to data security concerns, a lack of skilled personnel, and cost burdens. If this gap persists, inequality in climate response capabilities will inevitably deepen.AI for Climate Action Initiative: strategies to bridge the technology gapInternational efforts to bridge the technology gap are currently underway. At the UNFCCC COP29 held in Baku, Azerbaijan, in 2024, KOICA and the UNFCCC signed the Climate Future Partnership. The Climate Future Partnership aims to jointly develop and disseminate AI-based climate solutions for developing countries. Its flagship program, the AI for Climate Action (AICA) Initiative, hosted Africa s first AI for Climate Action Forum 2025 in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, in October 2025. Over 200 representatives from African governments, international organizations, and academic institutions gathered at the forum to share cases of climate adaptation and mitigation using AI, and agreed that small-scale, lightweight AI models tailored to each country s situation could serve as practical alternatives to large-scale, high-energy AI systems.KOICA s AI for Climate Action Award(AICA Award) is a technology competition that uncovers innovative AI climate solutions. In the 2025 AICA Award, 634 teams from around the world participated in fierce competition. The final winner was the SAFIR AI agricultural solution developed by the Korean Integrated Watershed Management Institute (IWMI) team, led by Alisa Luangrath from Laos. SAFIR is an AI model that collects weather, soil, and groundwater data to predict short- and medium-term agricultural production and support efficient water resource management, It earned high praise from the judges for reducing disaster risks and increasing farm incomes.▲ Kim Gyung-ah, Manager, Climate and Economic Development Team, KOICA New government s national task: global AI for allKorea is also positioning AI as a key national growth engine. The new government, launched in June 2025, designated AI as its top national policy priority, appointed the first-ever AI Future Planning Senior Secretary in the Office of the President, and announced a strategy to achieve a 3% potential growth rate using AI. National tasks in the climate and environment sectors have also been significantly strengthened. The Ministry of Climate, Energy and Environment confirmed in September 2025, while finalizing the new government s 123 national policy tasks, that it will steadily pursue five key tasks in the climate and environment sector, including realizing carbon neutrality, creating a circular economy ecosystem, and strengthening climate adaptation capacity. The government plans to build an integrated climate adaptation information platform to enhance national climate adaptation capabilities and to prepare the 4th National Climate Crisis Adaptation Plan to advance the climate change monitoring and prediction system.Additionally, on November 11, the Ministry of Climate, Energy and Environment finalized and announced a plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 53 61% by 2035 compared to 2018 net emissions levels. This represents an upward revision from the initially proposed range of 50 60%, supporting the implementation of national policy tasks such as the enactment of the Carbon Neutrality Industry Act and the establishment of an integrated climate adaptation information platform, alongside the 2030 target of a 40% reduction. Korea s AI and climate policies are mutually complementary, demonstrating a strong intent to lead globally in both technology and climate.An era requiring cooperation and inclusion beyond technologyAI possesses a dual nature as a powerful tool for responding to climate change while also potentially creating new risks and inequalities, making inclusive governance, capacity building, and improvements in energy efficiency essential alongside technology development. Support to enhance data and infrastructure accessibility in developing countries, region-tailored AI solutions, green data center development, and the establishment of ethical AI standards must be pursued together.As the new Korean government expresses its determination to leap forward as one of the Top 3 AI Powers by prioritizing climate and AI as core national tasks, KOICA aims to play a central role, in partnership with the UNFCCC, in highlighting climate inequality caused by technology gaps and reducing disparities in AI technology. Furthermore, KOICA seeks to foster consensus that international solidarity is essential for AI to become a public good for solving humanity s shared challenges. The keywords permeating the two pillars of the Climate Future Partnership, Artificial Intelligence for Climate Action Collaboration and the The keywords permeating the two pillars of the Climate Future Partnership - AI collaboration and climate finance collaboration projects - are solidarity and cooperation . Through the 2025 Tanzania AICA Forum, KOICA delivered the message that for technology to truly realize its value, the international community must be connected. Moving forward, KOICA plans to actively promote the K-AI for Climate Action brand globally, strengthening a global cooperation ecosystem in which AI technology and ODA contribute together.
2026.02.02
The award ceremony of the international AI competition AI for Climate ActionAward 2025 was held in October last year in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Launched in 2024, the second edition of the competition ran for four months, inviting AI-based solution proposals to address climate change in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS). The jury consisted of seven AI experts from the U.N. and multinational organizations. In 2025, a total of 634 solutions were submitted, and four teams proposing solutions for Laos, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia advanced to the final round to compete against one another. The winner was the solution SAFIR (Smart AI-based Farming & Irrigation for Resilience), proposed by the Korean team from the Integrated Watershed Management Institute(IWMI), led by the Laotian team leader Alisa Luangrath. SAFIR is an AI-based solution designed to address agricultural and water resource challenges in developing countries. The following is a Q&A with team leader Alisa Luangrath.▲ Alisa Luangrath, Head of IWMI s International Cooperation Team Q How do you feel about winning the AI for Climate Action Award 2025?It was truly an honor. We are immensely grateful that the UNFCCC and the UN Climate Technology Centre (CTCN) recognized our potential. Above all, we sincerely thank KOICA for creating this platform. We believe our solution was recognized for its potential to bring real change to the lives of Laotian farmers.Q What kind of solution is SAFIR?SAFIR is an AI-based agriculture and irrigation management system. It provides farmers with guidance on when and how much to irrigate through a mobile app that includes a Lao-language voice chatbot, while helping government and local water managers efficiently manage regional water resources through extensive data. Ultimately, it aims to enhance agricultural productivity while strengthening regional water security and climate resilience.Q How does the AI in this solution operate?The AI analyzes soil moisture, weather, and groundwater level data through its model. It predicts drought and soil drying points using machine learning and identifies optimal water management strategies through reinforcement learning. The AI learns from data like a farmer with decades of experience, independently determining when to irrigate for maximum yield.Q What was the background for developing this idea?After majoring in environmental science at the National University of Laos, I came to Korea to study. Having completed my master s degree at Korea University, I now work at the IWMI. As a Laotian, I know better than anyone how deeply climate change affects agriculture in Laos. While working in Korea, every time I encountered advanced technologies in climate and agriculture, I dreamed of enabling vulnerable farmers back home in Laos to benefit from them. So, I proposed applying our institute s technology to Laos. This proposal led to the SAFIR concept that won the competition. In other words, SAFIR is a solution born from the meeting of my earnest desire and the institute s technological expertise, creating hope.Q What do you think of the level of Korea s AI technology while researching here?One of the most surprising things when I arrived in Korea was how deeply AI technology had already permeated everyday life. Korea was rapidly adopting AI across a wide range of fields: it analyzes crop conditions in smart farms, boosts production efficiency in factories, and supports disease diagnosis in hospitals. For me, Korea s AI ecosystem went beyond simply being a place to learn technology and became a living classroom where I could directly witness how technology can transform people s lives for the better.Q What was the most difficult or most sensitive aspect when preparing the SAFIR solution?The most challenging part was establishing an on-site maintenance system. Adequate education and capacity building are essential so that local technicians and farmer leaders can inspect and repair the equipment themselves. In addition, building trust with local farmers requires a careful approach, as Laotian farmers possess generations of experience and wisdom. We believe the technology should not replace that wisdom but function as an assistant that supports decision-making. Therefore, active communication to consistently reflect farmers perspectives and transparently demonstrate the technology s effectiveness is essential.Q Why should Asian countries, including Laos, adopt AI technology to address the climate crisis?Southeast Asia is a region highly vulnerable to unpredictable extreme weather. AI-based predictive technology is one of the most effective means to prepare in advance for such risks and minimize damage. Moreover, agriculture remains the economic backbone of many Asian countries. It is a vital industry that sustains the livelihoods of many people. By leveraging AI, data-driven decision-making becomes possible, enabling stable improvements in agricultural productivity in practice. This, in turn, helps increase farm household incomes and eradicate poverty.Above all, AI technology can make agricultural systems far more intelligent with minimal cost and without massive infrastructure investment. It offers an opportunity to leapfrog years of traditional development stages and move directly toward a sustainable agricultural structure.Q What advice would you give to junior researchers pursuing a similar path?If I may highlight three important points, first, precisely defining the social problem to be solved is crucial. If those working with technology fail to accurately grasp the social issue they aim to address, even the best technology becomes useless. Second, selecting the most appropriate tools is essential. Rather than first thinking about the technology or familiar methods one possesses, it is indispensable to relentlessly question which tools truly fit the problem. Finally, collaboration is vital. I found that better solutions emerge when people from diverse backgrounds come together. Only when each other s expertise converges doesa complete solution take shape.Mini Interview Data reduce climate information inequality. ▲ Choi Ye-ji, CTO of DI Lab Inc. Choi Ye-ji, CTO of DI Lab Inc., which provides an AI-based climate and environment platform service, served as a judge for the AI for Climate Action Awards 2025. The following is a Q&A with CTO Choi.Q You participated as a judge in the AI for Climate Action Award 2025. How do you evaluate this year s winning solution?SAFIR stood out not only for its technical sophistication but also for its on-site practicality and feasibility. It went beyond a mere good idea, presenting a detailed design from data flow to AI model operations that demonstrates how to effectively address Laos s climate risks and agricultural irrigation challenges. The fact that it was implemented in a service form that farmers can truly use was also impressive. When deciding the final winner, how accurately it reflected the target country s reality and how focused it was on actual problem-solving were key criteria, and SAFIR excelled in those aspects.Q What factors led you to become interested in climate issues?Majoring in meteorology naturally led to my interest in climate change, and I realized that the climate crisis is no longer a distant future. Despite clear scientific evidence, it was regrettable that many people still failed to properly recognize the severity of the climate crisis. This is also an issue of climate information. Realizing that information gaps lead to misguided judgments and indifference, I came to believe that disseminating data would be key to addressing both the climate crisis and information inequality. My aim is to first scientifically understand the warning signals the Earth sends and then provide accurate information to more people to help them respond to the climate crisis.Q In what ways can AI serve as a tool to solve the climate crisis?Climate science, particularly meteorology, is one scientific field with a long history of accumulated data. Every day, hundreds of terabytes of weather and climate data are generated worldwide. AI can process and analyze vast amounts of data in an instant. Through research, I realized that the combination of satellite data and artificial intelligence could play a crucial role in addressing the climate crisis. Satellites enable uniform global observation, addressing the bias caused by the concentration of observation equipment in specific regions. Moreover, AI goes beyond simply improving prediction accuracy; it can become a new climate response tool that makes climate data more equitable and effectively utilized.Q To apply AI technology, infrastructure is needed, but what is the situation in developing countries?Developing countries, especially Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS), often lack sufficient physical infrastructure. Power supplies and communication networks are unstable, and building and operating GPU-based computing infrastructure is burdensome in terms of cost and maintenance. However, environments to overcome these limitations are now emerging. As data storage and analysis increasingly shift to cloud-based systems, stable communication access alone enables the use of AI analysis tools without installing complex equipment on-site. Additionally, the expansion of satellite communication technology has brought hope even to island areas beyond the reach of existing networks. The shift from an infrastructure-building centered approach to a cloud-access centered model offers developing countries a viable alternative for rapidly adopting AI-based climate technologies without massive investments. Q What was the biggest concern while conducting AI projects in developing countries?The biggest concern was when and how to strengthen capacity. In international development projects, capacity building through system usage training often takes place at the end to ensure sustainability. However, AI technology evolves so rapidly that short-term training alone is insufficient. Therefore, from the project s outset, it was considered crucial to build an understanding of AI concepts and potential applications, enabling local partners to grasp the principles and independently apply and adapt them throughout the entire process. Another major concern was creating an environment in which local data could be utilized. To develop regionally appropriate AI models and enhance reliability, local data is ultimately the most critical. To this end, legal restrictions on data sharing and use were carefully reviewed, followed by formal document exchanges to clearly establish the grounds for data utilization. This process requires considerable time due to administrative procedures, making strategic approaches, including proper scheduling, essential.Q What do you think is the role of development cooperation agencies, like KOICA? KOICA can help design large-scale iframeworks through ODA projects so that data from developing countries translates into actual policies and industries, rather than merely providing equipment. AI-based climate response projects emphasize building local capacities for sustainable operation, rather than just transferring technology. However, from a practical standpoint, maintaining long-term collaboration with local partners to sustain projects involves various challenges. In this regard, public support from agencies like KOICA provides significant leverage. With government-to-government cooperation, developing countries can operate and enhance AI systems domestically using Korea's advanced technology, eventually building independent technological capabilities. This represents a form of leadership that Korea can demonstrate on the international stage.
2026.02.02
In January 2026, which we began with the mindset that it was our first time, what welcome news is coming from KOICA? To begin with, KOICA President CHANG Won-sam declared 2026 to be the inaugural year for implementing integrated development cooperation and drew attention by presenting four major visions directed toward partner countries, partners, the public, and the government. Additionally, there was news that KOICA held an AX Capacity Building Achievement Sharing Session and that the KOICA Exhibition Hall is operating eco-friendly experiential education programs for youth during the winter break. In addition, there were reports that KOICA hosted an international symposium to share achievements in the preservation and restoration of Cambodia s Angkor Wat ruins, launched a Technical and Vocational Education and Training cooperation project in India, and that PeKO Friends were officially invited to the K-Illustration Fair. 📰 NEWS 1. KOICA President CHANG Won-sam: KOICA will make 2026 the inaugural year for implementing integrated development cooperation ▲ KOICA President CHANG Won-sam delivers a greeting at KOICA s 2025 year-end ceremony on December 31. KOICA President CHANG Won-sam announced in his New Year s address on January 1 that this year would be designated as the inaugural year for implementing integrated development cooperation. He said, The international trust accumulated through ODA field operations will return as Korea s diplomatic, economic, and security capabilities, adding, KOICA will enhance development effectiveness through strategic and integrated ODA and pursue future growth-oriented programs that combine partner countries needs with Korea s strengths. KOICA President CHANG presented four major visions directed toward partner countries, partners, the public, and the government: ▲ Development cooperation for the self-reliance of partner countries ▲ Win-win development cooperation that leads partners' growth ▲ "Pride-worthy development cooperation" that the public can feel and support ▲ A trustworthy organization proven by results to the government. To this end, he positioned organizational restructuring to innovate the integrated ODA promotion system and drive performance as a key implementation direction, and also emphasized the establishment of a dedicated organization to eliminate fragmentation in grant aid, as well as the expansion of Public Partnership Projects. He also announced plans to expand strategic ODA that links Korea s comparative advantages in AI, digital technology, and culture to development outcomes, based on Korea s 4th Strategy for International Development Cooperation. 📰 NEWS 2. KOICA Exhibition Hall Operates Winter Vacation Experiential Programs ▲ Exterior view of the KOICA Exhibition Hall KOICA is offering eco-friendly specialized experiential education programs, such as climate action activities, for elementary, middle, and high school students at the KOICA Exhibition Hall in Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do. The KOICA Exhibition Hall operates experiential programs based on exhibition and hands-on content themed around international development cooperation and global issues, helping youth understand and explore diverse career paths in the development cooperation field and the international community. The currently operating eco-friendly education programs are The Two Faces of the Miracle Fruit for elementary school students and The Delusion of Saving the Environment for middle and high school students. In the elementary school program, students can learn about the impacts of palm oil use on animals and the environment, as well as practical ways to protect the environment and ecosystems in daily life. The middle and high school program allows students to learn about the concept and reality of greenwashing, as well as domestic and international regulations. Meanwhile, KOICA operates online virtual tour content(https://artsandculture.google.com/partner/korea-international-cooperation-agency), through which various materials on international development cooperation and ODA can be experienced virtually. 📰 NEWS 3. KOICA Holds AX Capacity Building Achievement Sharing Session ▲ At the '2025 KOICA AX Capacity Building Achievement Sharing Session' held on January 15 at KOICA headquarters in Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Saltlux EVP Lee Seung-min, a corporate expert, and KOICA staff discussed challenges and areas for improvement in utilizing AI for work. Amid the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) as a key tool for addressing social and economic challenges in education, healthcare, and administration in developing countries, KOICA is accelerating efforts to realize AI for All through K-ODA, going beyond mere AX (AI transformation). KOICA held the 2025 KOICA AX Capacity Building Achievement Sharing Session on January 15 at its headquarters in Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do. The event featured special lectures by Korean AI startup founders, the unveiling and presentation of a comprehensive 2025 AX achievements video, case presentations and exhibition booths by outstanding teams from the AI Ideathon competition, and a Q&A session, among other diverse activities.KOICA President CHANG Won-sam said in his opening remarks, Utilizing AI to enhance work efficiency and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are KOICA s core tasks, adding, In line with the national strategy to realize a global AI basic society, KOICA will expand strategic ODA that integrates AI technology into international development cooperation, linking Korea s comparative advantages in AI, digital technology, and K-Culture to mutually beneficial development outcomes. 📰 NEWS 4. K-Restoration Blooms at Cambodia s Angkor Wat Ruins ▲ Before-and-after restoration photos of Chorm Temple, a KOICA project site in Cambodia KOICA held an international symposium on January 16 in Siem Reap, Cambodia, to share the achievements of the Conservation and Restoration of Preah Pithu Temple and Elephant Terrace in Angkor Project (2nd Phase). This symposium was organized to share the progress and key achievements of the project, which is scheduled to conclude at the end of this month, while promoting Korea s ODA achievements in cultural heritage to the international community and strengthening the foundation for expanded cultural heritage cooperation between Korea and Cambodia. KOICA first participated in the restoration of the Angkor ruins in 2014 and expanded its cooperation to the second phase project starting in 2019. In the second phase, KOICA supported the conservation and restoration of the Preah Pithu Temple Group and the Elephant Terrace, capacity building for APSARA researchers and staff, and high-performance stone processing, analysis, and experimental equipment. This achievement sharing serves as a case demonstrating KOICA s role as a ODA integrated platform with cultural heritage as a core axis. Moving forward, KOICA plans to continuously expand cooperation centered on cultural heritage preservation to contribute to international solidarity through cultural ODA.📰 NEWS 5. K-Meister High School Expertise Transferred to India▲ At the kickoff report meeting for the Project for Strengthening Technical Vocational Education and Training in India held on January 20 in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, Korean Ambassador to India Lee Seong-ho (center, back row, left) and Indian Vice Minister of State for Education Sanjay Kumar took a group photo with KOICA held a kickoff report meeting for the Project for Strengthening Technical Vocational Education and Training in India on January 20 in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, marking the start of Korea India TVET cooperation. This project is the first bilateral cooperation project-type ODA implemented by the Korean government targeting India. This project was designed to address the growing demand for skilled manufacturing personnel driven by India s Make in India policy, and KOICA plans to establish a mechatronics vocational education and training system centered on the Bhopal region s multipurpose demonstration school (DMS) by 2027. The main components include advisory support for approving mechatronics curricula based on India s National Skills Qualifications Framework (NSQF), the development of textbooks and instructor guides, the provision of 41 types of equipment, including CNC and PLC training tools, and invitation training programs in Korea for policymakers and teachers. In particular, KOICA plans to strengthen teachers practical instruction capabilities and activate industry academia cooperation networks by benchmarking the Korean Meister High School model. 📰 NEWS 6. 'PeKO Friends' Officially Invited to 'K-Illustration Fair Seoul 2026'▲ KOICA communication characters, PeKO Friends. Clockwise from top right: Patchi, Purih, PeKO, Possle, Ppoyong. KOICA s communication character, PeKO Friends, participated in the K-illustration Fair 2026 held at COEX in Seoul from January 29 to February 1. The K-Illustration Fair, marking its 10th edition this year, is an annual event where promising domestic and international artists showcase the latest illustration and visual art trends. This year, PeKO Friends was officially invited to the special planning exhibition, Great Map of the Korean Characters, featuring popular characters representing public institutions and local governments across the country.At this event, PeKO Friends showcased its character worldview, embodying KOICA s core values of peace, people, prosperity, planet, and partnership, and delivered ODA messages to the public in a friendly manner. In the exhibition zone, media videos capturing PeKO Friends worldview and global activities were screened. In the participation zone, a Rhythm Game Challenge, where visitors shouted PeKO Friends names in time with the beat, and a Lucky draw event, offering limited-edition PeKO Friends merchandise such as power banks and hand warmers for SNS followers, provided great fun for attendees.
2026.02.02


